OpenAI · Nvidia · China · Samsung · South Korea · Rest of World
September 2026: OpenAI unveils working with Samsung on next-generation chips
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“Nvidia’s allocation decisions are still the predominant factor determining HBM market share,” Ben Reynolds, senior analyst at independent research organization Rhodium Group, told Rest of World.
Key facts
- SK Hynix is deepening ties with the U.S. AI industry, including a $4 billion advanced packaging facility in Indiana, where it broke ground in August
- October 2025: Samsung comes onboard OpenAI’s Stargate project alongside SK Hynix to expand AI infrastructure
- Until 2025, chipmakers like SK Hynix, Samsung, and TSMC could ship export-controlled tools to their China fabrication plants without applying for a license, under a U.S. commerce policy called
- March 2025: Samsung collaborates with Nvidia to advance artificial intelligence-radio access network, or AI-RAN, a technology that embeds AI directly into cellular base stations and mobile network
Summary
Two South Korean companies control 83% of the global memory chip market. SK Hynix has held a long lead in the global high-bandwidth memory market with more advanced core technologies and an early foot in the door with Nvidia. Over the past year, Samsung has more than doubled its market share, stealing away SK Hynix’s business while forging new pacts with Nvidia and OpenAI. For U.S. AI companies such as Nvidia and OpenAI, the rivalry matters because control over this critical component could affect how quickly and cheaply they can build the next generation of AI infrastructure. “The question of technology leadership still matters, but now it is also assessed alongside capacity, because the entire memory industry faces constrained production capacity,” said Christopher Miller, associate professor of international history at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University, and author of the bestselling book Chip War: The Fight for the World’s Most Critical Technology.